研究者詳細 - 植木　重治

A predominant protein of human eosinophils is galectin-10 (Gal-10), also known as Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (CLC-P) because of its remarkable ability to form Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs), which are frequently found in tissues from patients with eosinophilic disorders. CLC-P/Gal-10 is highly expressed in human eosinophils and considered a biomarker of eosinophil involvement in inflammation. However, the intracellular sites where large pools of CLC-P/Gal-10 constitutively reside are still unclear, and whether this protein is derived or not from eosinophil granules remains to be established. Here, we applied pre-embedding immunonanogold transmission electron microscopy combined with strategies for optimal antigen and cell preservation and quantitative imaging analysis to investigate, for the first time, the intracellular localization of CLC-P/Gal-10 at high resolution in resting and activated human eosinophils. We demonstrated that CLC-P/Gal-10 is mostly stored in the peripheral cytoplasm of human eosinophils, being accumulated within an area of ∼250 nm wide underneath the plasma membrane and not within specific (secretory) granules, a pattern also observed by immunofluorescence. High-resolution analysis of single cells revealed that CLC-P/Gal-10 interacts with the plasma membrane with immunoreactive microdomains of high CLC-P/Gal-10 density being found in ∼60% of the membrane area. Eosinophil stimulation with CCL11 or TNF-α, which are known inducers of eosinophil secretion, did not change the peripheral localization of CLC-P/Gal-10 as observed by both immunofluorescence and immuno-EM (electron microscopy). Thus, in contrast to other preformed eosinophil proteins, CLC-P/Gal-10 neither is stored within secretory granules nor exported through classical degranulation mechanisms (piecemeal degranulation and compound exocytosis).

DOI PubMed

Hypereosinophilic syndrome with abundant Charcot-Leyden crystals in spleen and lymph nodes.

Masahide Takeda, Shigeharu Ueki, Yohei Yamamoto, Miho Nara, Mineyo Fukuchi, Katsutoshi Nakayama, Yasufumi Omori, Naoto Takahashi, Makoto Hirokawa

Asia Pacific allergy ( Asia Pacific Association of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology ) 10 ( 3 ) e24 2020年07月

Hypereosinophilic syndrome, which is characterized by eosinophilia in the peripheral blood, often causes various organ disorders. Charcot-Leyden crystals are recognized features of various diseases, such as parasite infection and asthma, and are known to be classic hallmarks of eosinophilic inflammation. Our recent study revealed the mechanism of Charcot-Leyden crystal formation (i.e., galectin-10 crystallization), namely the involvement of eosinophil extracellular trap cell death, a nonapoptotic cell death. Here we report an autopsy case of a 57-year-old man who had died of hypereosinophilic syndrome. We found numerous eosinophil extracellular trap cell death-associated Charcot-Leyden crystals in the spleen and lymph nodes. Observation of abdominal lymph nodes by electron microscopy revealed eosinophil extracellular traps and free extracellular granules, which are characteristic of typical eosinophil extracellular trap cell death. In this case, we observed various sizes of Charcot-Leyden crystals that were stained with anti-galectin-10 immunofluorescent staining. Further studies are required to understand the pathophysiological roles of Charcot-Leyden crystals and these may lead to the development of novel therapeutic modalities for severe eosinophilic inflammation.

DOI PubMed CiNii Research

ETosisの関連が示唆された線維素性唾液管炎の1例

福地峰世, 植木重治, 川村善宣, 高野裕史, 五十嵐秀光, 福田雅幸

日本口腔科学会雑誌 ( (NPO)日本口腔科学会 ) 69 ( 2 ) 106 - 106 2020年07月

Nakagome K.

Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ( Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ) 75 ( 7 ) 1805 - 1809 2020年07月 [査読有り]

DOI PubMed

Luminal Eosinophil Cell Death as a Biomarker for Loss of Asthma Control?

Shigeharu Ueki, Manali Mukherjee, Parameswaran Nair

Chest 157 ( 6 ) 1680 - 1681 2020年06月

DOI PubMed

Luminal Eosinophil Cell Death as a Biomarker for Loss of Asthma Control?

Ueki S.

Chest ( Chest ) 157 ( 6 ) 1680 - 1681 2020年06月

DOI

The roles of IL-5 and anti-IL-5 treatment in eosinophilic diseases: Asthma, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis

Nagase H.

Allergology International ( Allergology International ) 69 ( 2 ) 178 - 186 2020年04月

IL-5 is the most potent activator of eosinophils and is produced by Th2 cells and ILC2s. A role for IL-5 in eosinophil extracellular trap cell death, i.e., a proinflammatory cell death, has also been reported. Mepolizumab and benralizumab are humanized mAbs that target IL-5 and the IL-5 receptor α, respectively, and their therapeutic efficacy for severe asthma has been established. Although consistent differences in the efficacies of those drugs have not been proven, benralizumab extensively depleted eosinophils via Ab-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Blood eosinophil count, but not FeNO or IgE, is the best-established predictive biomarker of the efficacy of anti-IL-5 treatment. Regarding the choice of biologics, the balance between blood eosinophil count and FeNO, indication of comorbidities, longitudinal safety, and interval of injection should be considered. Mepolizumab was also effective in maintaining the remission of refractory eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis. Moreover, mepolizumab decreased the proportion of patients who required surgery and lowered the nasal polyp score in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; a further extensive trial is currently under way. In a phase II benralizumab study performed in Japan, no significant effect on nasal polyp score at week 12 was observed, suggesting a requirement for longer treatment. In this review, the role of IL-5 in eosinophil biology and the current status of anti-IL-5 therapy are discussed. The longitudinal safety of anti-IL-5 therapy has been increasingly established, and this strategy will be continuously indicated for eosinophilic diseases as a specific treatment for eosinophilic inflammation.

DOI PubMed

Kazuyuki Nakagome, Toshiaki Shimizu, Yury A. Bochkov, Toru Noguchi, Takehito Kobayashi, Tomoyuki Soma, Shigeharu Ueki, James E. Gern, Makoto Nagata

Allergy ( Wiley ) 75 ( 7 ) 1805 - 1809 2020年03月

DOI CiNii Research

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